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1.
Psicol. Estud. (Online) ; 29: e54500, 2024.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: biblio-1529191

ABSTRACT

RESUMO Discute-se a relação entre homossexualidade, religião e família, a partir da Psicologia Sócio-histórica. Busca-se investigar, por meio de uma análise fílmica, os sentidos e significados apresentados pela família, em relação à homossexualidade. Para tanto, utiliza-se a produção filmográfica Orações para Bobby, como um documento cultural, datado historicamente, que permite evidenciar as formas de vivências psicossociais. Nesta proposição, metodologicamente são adotados procedimentos de identificação, recorte, descrição e interpretação de cenas emblemáticas. Desse modo, realizaram-se a identificação, o recorte e a localização temporal, a descrição detalhada de textos das cenas com seus aspectos visuais e auditivos e construíram-se três categorias de análise das 16 cenas emblemáticas selecionadas: significados de religião, homossexualidade e família; significado de homossexualidade e suicídio; e impactos intergeracionais do signo da homossexualidade. Os resultados indicam que a relação entre a homossexualidade assumida, dogmas religiosos e família tradicional podem desencadear atos suicidas com motivação volitiva e consciente; as acepções de signo, sentidos, significado, mediação e internalização contribuíram para compreender o impacto que os conceitos da homossexualidade, socialmente construídos, incidem na vivência da sexualidade de jovens homossexuais e seus relacionamentos afetivos no âmbito social e familiar. O significado da homossexualidade apresenta-se de forma pejorativa, com força de materialidade histórica e de manutenção hegemônica de ideias, por meio de grupos conservadores, que encontram na família um lugar afetuoso e subjetivo, de reprodução fértil, ao passo que coletivos identitários, como a comunidade LGBTQIA+, buscam espaços para o debate político com avanços e rupturas dessas noções, historicamente construídas, no processo de significação da sexualidade.


RESUMEN. Se discute la relación entre la homosexualidad, religión y familia, establecido em la psicologia sociohistórica. Busca indagar, a través de un análisis fílmico, los sentidos y significados presentados por la familia, en relación a la homosexualidad. Para esto, se usa la producción cinematográfica, Oraciones por Bobby como documento histórico y cultural que permite ressaltar las formas de las experiencias psicosociales. En esta proposición se adoptan metodologicamente procedimientos de identificación, recorte, descripción e interpretación de escenas emblemáticas. De este modo, se cosntruyeron tres categorías de análisis de las 16 escenas emblemáticas seleccionadas: significados de religión, homosexualidad y familia; significado de homosexualidad y suicido y los impactos intereracionales de los signos de la homosexualidad. Los resultados indican que larelación entre la homosexualidad asumida, los dogmas religiosos y la familia tradicional puede desencadenar actos suicidas com motivación volitiva y consciente; los significados del signo, los sentidos, el significado, la mediación y la internalización contribuyeron a la comprensióndel impacto que los conceptos de homosexualidad, construidos socialmente, tienen en la experiencia de la sexualidad de los jóvenes homosexuales y sus relaciones afectivas en la esfera social y familiar. Finalmente, se considera que la producción cinematográfica anima las discusiones sobre temas y fenómenos complejos, conorígenes históricas y representaciones persistentes, en el cualmoviliza nuevas formas de pensar y construir lo social; el significado de la homosexualidad se presenta de manera peyorativa , com lafuerza de la materialidade histórica y el mantenimiento hegemónico de las ideas, a través de grupos conservadores, que encuentran en la família un lugar, cariñoso y subjetivo, de reproducción fértil, mientras que los colectivos de identidad, la comunidad LGBTQIA+ busca espacios para el debate político y los avances y rupturas de estas nociones, historicamente construidas, en el processo de significar la sexualidad. Se insertan nuevos componentes, a través de las historias de personas que intercambian visiones y palabras impregnadas de sentido, que se reformulan constantemente.


ABSTRACT The relationship among homosexuality, religion and family is discussed, based on Socio-historical Psychology. For this purpose, the movie Prayers for Bobby is used as a cultural document, historically dated, which allows highlighting the forms of psychosocial experiences. Three categories of analysis of the 16 selected emblematic scenes were constructed: meanings of religion, homosexuality and family; the meaning of homosexuality and suicide; and intergenerational impacts of the homosexuality sign. The results indicate that the relationship among assumed homosexuality, religious dogma and the traditional family can trigger suicidal acts with volitional and conscious motivation; the sign, senses, meaning, mediation and internalization approaches have contributed to understanding the impact that socially constructed concepts of homosexuality have on the experience of young homosexuals sexuality and their affective relationships in the social and family spheres. Finally, it is considered that cinematographic production encourages discussions of complex issues and phenomena with persistent origins and historical representations, which mobilize new ways of thinking and constructing society. Homosexual meaning is set out pejoratively, with the strength of historical materiality and hegemonic maintenance of ideas, through conservative groups, who find an affectionate and subjective, fertile reproduction place in the family. In contrast, identity collectives, the LGBTQIA+ community, seek spaces for political debate and advances and ruptures of historically constructed notions in the process of signifying sexuality. The individuals' stories exchanging visions and words are inserted with new components constantly reformulated with meaning.


Subject(s)
Religion , Family/psychology , Homosexuality, Male/psychology , Psychology , Suicide/psychology , Sexuality/psychology , Sexual and Gender Minorities/psychology , Motion Pictures
2.
Journal of Peking University(Health Sciences) ; (6): 511-520, 2023.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-986883

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the discrepancy between behavioral-indicated candidacy and perceived candidacy (behavioral-perceived gap) and its associated factors of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) among men who have sex with men (MSM), so as to identify the focus population of PrEP interventions and to design and implement targeted interventions.@*METHODS@#We recruited a sample of 622 HIV-negative MSM who were regular clients of a community-based organization located in Chengdu, China, from November to December 2021. A cross-sectional questionnaire was used to collect the participants' information on social demographics, PrEP-related knowledge and cognitions, and risk behaviors. In this study, behaviorally eligible for PrEP was defined as performing at least one type of high-risk behavior in the past six months, including inconsistent condom use, sex with an HIV-positive partner, confirmed sexual transmitted infections (STI) diagnosis, substance use, and post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) experience. Logistic regression models were fitted, and multivariate analyses were adjusted for social demographics.@*RESULTS@#Among the 622 eligible participants, 52.6% (327/622) were classified as behaviorally eligible for PrEP. Only 37.9% (124/327) of the participants perceived themselves as appropriate candidates for PrEP and 62.1% (203/207) had discrepancy between behavioral-indicated and perceived candidacy. 85.9% (281/327) had heard of PrEP, and 14.2% (40/281) accessed PrEP information through health care providers. Of the 327 participants eligible for behavior-indicated PrEP use, about half (47.1%) knew how to obtain PrEP medication and 33.0% had a professional PrEP counseling experience. The majority (93.3%) had no or few friends using PrEP. 54.1% scored eight or above in PrEP knowledge level. 66.7% reported having two or more sexual partners in the past six months. After adjusting for age and recruitment channel, we found six factors that were associated with perceived candidacy for PrEP, including PEP use [adjusted odds ratio (ORA)=2.20; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.33-3.63], PrEP availability (ORA=1.69; 95%CI: 1.06-2.68), a greater number of PrEP-using friends (ORA=4.92; 95%CI: 1.77-13.65), PrEP know-ledge (ORA=2.21; 95%CI: 1.38-3.56), multiple sexual partnership (ORA=1.77; 95%CI: 1.07-2.94), and perceiving a higher risk of HIV infection (ORA=4.02; 95%CI: 1.73-9.32). Substance use during sex and PrEP information channel were not statistically associated with this beha-vioral-perceived gap.@*CONCLUSION@#We observed a high discrepancy between behavioral-indicated and perceived candidacy for PrEP among Chengdu MSM in China. Future PrEP implementation efforts should be made in skills training in assessing HIV infection risk, increasing PrEP knowledge, providing professional PrEP counselling, and fostering PrEP support environment.


Subject(s)
Male , Humans , Homosexuality, Male/psychology , HIV Infections/psychology , Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis , HIV , Cross-Sectional Studies , Sexual and Gender Minorities
3.
Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine ; : 2-2, 2023.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-971192

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND@#Men who have sex with men (MSM) have become a high risk population of HIV infection due to their risky sexual behaviors. The latent pattern of psychosocial characteristics plays an important effect in HIV-related risky behaviors among HIV-negative MSM.@*METHOD@#Participants were recruited from Wuhan, Nanchang, and Changsha city from September 2017 to January 2018. Social support was assessed by the multidimensional scale of social support, Connor-Davidson Resilience scale-10 items for reliance, the assessment of Stigma towards Homosexuality for sexual minority stigma, the Likert subscale of nondisclosure for identity concealment, the ACE questionnaire-Kaiser-CDC for adverse childhood experience, the Centers for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale for depression. Latent profile analysis (LPA) and multivariate regression were used to analyze the data.@*RESULTS@#Three psychosocial characteristic patterns were revealed by the LPA. "Social support and resilience group" (SR group), "Identity concealment group" (IC group) and "Adverse childhood experience" (ACE group) were identified, respectively. In comparison with "SR group", "IC group" have a higher likelihood of one-night male partners (AOR = 2.74, 95%CI = [1.54, 4.90]), both fixed and one-night male partners (AOR = 2.01, 95%CI = [1.34, 3.01]) and HIV-unsure male partner (AOR = 2.12, 95%CI = [1.44, 3.13]). Similarly, "ACE group" were more likely having inconsistent condom use (AOR = 2.58, 95%CI = [1.41, 4.73]), and having sex with HIV-positive male partner (AOR = 4.90, 95%CI = [1.95, 12.30]) with comparison of "SR group". In addition, we further revealed that "ACE group" had a higher ratio (90.0%) of inconsistent condom use among MSM whose male partners were HIV-positive.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Six important psychosocial factors were divided into three latent pattern classes. Compared with "SR group", "IC group" and "ACE group" were more likely to engage in HIV-related risky sexual behaviors. Further research may pay more attention to "IC group" and "ACE group" for targeted intervention.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , HIV Infections/epidemiology , Homosexuality, Male/psychology , Risk Factors , Sexual and Gender Minorities/psychology , Sexual Behavior/psychology
4.
Physis (Rio J.) ; 30(3): e300319, 2020.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1135684

ABSTRACT

Resumo Este trabalho toma como ponto de partida o texto de Nestor Perlongher, intitulado "O desaparecimento da homossexualidade", que descreve um esvaziamento da identidade homossexual masculina com o surgimento da aids e propõe uma nova leitura a partir da implementação da profilaxia pré-exposição ao HIV (PrEP) pelo sistema público de saúde no Brasil. Distribuída a partir do início de 2018 e considerada como uma das mais novas medidas de prevenção ao HIV/aids, a PrEP se configura como um esquema antirretroviral de uso contínuo direcionado aos sujeitos que não foram infectados pelo vírus. Tomando como referência empírica o Protocolo Clínico de Diretrizes Terapêuticas para PrEP, identificamos como, a partir da noção de risco, a profilaxia possibilita o retorno da homossexualidade aos consultórios médicos e, mais do que isso, opera como objeto discursivo de problematizações de caráter sanitário e social. Diante disso, a PrEP produz uma nova categoria de homossexual, atrelada a tecnologias disciplinares e biopolíticas, que se apoiam na individualização e responsabilização dos indivíduos pelo cuidado de si.


Abstract This paper takes its starting point the text by Nestor Perlongher, entitled O desaparecimento da homossexualidade [The disappearance of homosexuality], depicting an emptying of male homosexual identity with the emergence of aids, and proposes a new reading about the pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) implementation by the public health system in Brazil. Distributed from early 2018 and considered as one of the newest HIV/aids prevention measures, PrEP is a continuous antiretroviral therapy aimed for subjects who have not been infected with the virus. Taking as an empirical reference the Clinical Protocol of PrEP Therapeutic Guidelines, we identified how, from the notion of risk, prophylaxis enables the return of homosexuality to doctors' offices and, furthermore, operates as a discursive object of sanitary and social problematizations. Thus PrEP produces a new homosexual category, linked to disciplinary and biopolitical technologies, which rely on the individualization and accountability of individuals for self-care.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Self Care , Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/ethnology , Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/prevention & control , Homosexuality, Male , Homosexuality, Male/ethnology , Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis , Unified Health System , Brazil , Homosexuality, Male/psychology
5.
Colomb. med ; 50(3): 201-214, July-Sept. 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1098196

ABSTRACT

Abstract Background: Qualitative studies on HIV prevention strategies and methods among men who have sex with men (MSM) allow identify knowledge gaps and improve preventive actions. Objective: To make a thematic synthesis of the scientific productions that use the qualitative methodology in the strategies and methods of HIV prevention area among MSM. Methods: We conducted a literature review following the guidelines of the ENTREQ protocol. The analysis included 48 empirical studies published in Portuguese, English and Spanish between 2001 and 2018 available in the Medline, Embase, Scielo, Scopus, Bireme and Web of Science databases. Results: Where an increased production in the last six years and concentration in northern countries. Seven prevention methods were part of the study, with emphasis on pre-exposure prophylaxis, testing, condoms and behavioral strategies. The main topics discussed were stigma and support and care networks. Conclusion: we notice that an increasing production on prevention in the men who have sex with men segment results from the emergence of multiple preventive methods and strategies and their combined actions beyond the star role of condoms.


Resumen Antecedentes: Los estudios cualitativos sobre estrategias y métodos de prevención del VIH entre hombres que tienen sexo con hombres ayudan a identificar lagunas de conocimiento y mejorar las acciones preventivas. Objetivo: Realizar una síntesis temática de las producciones científicas que utilizan la metodología cualitativa en las estrategias y métodos del área de prevención del VIH entre hombres homosexuales. Métodos: se realizó´ una revisión de la literatura siguiendo las pautas del protocolo ENTREQ. Se analizaron 48 estudios empíricos publicados en portugués, inglés y español entre 2001 y 2018 incluidos en las bases de datos Medline, Embase, Scielo, Scopus, Bireme y Web of Science. Resultados: La producción de artículos fue mayor en los últimos seis años, concentrados en los países del norte. Se abordaron siete métodos de prevención, con énfasis en profilaxis previa a la exposición, pruebas diagnósticas, condones y estrategias comportamentales. Los principales temas discutidos fueron el estigma y las redes de apoyo y atención. Conclusión: La creciente producción de prevención en el segmento hombres que tienen relaciones sexuales con hombres resulta de la aparición de múltiples métodos y estrategias preventivas y sus acciones combinadas más allá del protagonismo de los condones.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , HIV Infections/prevention & control , Sexual and Gender Minorities/psychology , Sexual Behavior , Social Support , Condoms/statistics & numerical data , Homosexuality, Male/psychology , Social Stigma
6.
Ciênc. Saúde Colet. (Impr.) ; 24(4): 1417-1426, abr. 2019.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1001767

ABSTRACT

Resumen La infección por VIH, adquirida con participación consciente del receptor, es un problema complejo de alcance mundial, particular entre hombres que tienen sexo con otros hombres. Emergen comportamientos como el Bareback (sexo anal sin protección de modo intencional entre hombres) y, Bugchasing (sexo bareback cuando uno de los participantes es VIH+ y el otro no). Se caracterizó un grupo de conductas emergentes de riesgo hacia la infección por VIH. Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica en las bases de datos Medline, Web of Sciences, y Scielo regional. Se utilizaron términos de búsqueda como, sexo sin protección, Barebacking/Bareback, y Bug chasing, todos relacionados al VIH. Las conductas Barecack, y Bug Chaser se producen entre otros factores por el Homonegativiso social, la cobertura positiva de la Terapia Antirretroviral, campañas de prevención insuficientes, búsqueda de nuevas sensaciones, y el intento de fortalecer la relación con un miembro de la pareja VIH+. El sexo sin protección por su parte se asocia principalmente a tener diagnóstico de VIH/sida, violencia física debido a la orientación sexual, asistir a sitios de sexo Gay y haber comprado o vendido sexo. Se debe trabajar con los comportamientos individuales que acercan al sujeto a la infección.


Abstract HIV infection, acquired with the conscious participation of the recipient, is a complex problem of international concern, especially among men who have sex with men. Behaviors emerge such as bareback (intentionally unprotected anal sex between men) and bugchasing (bareback sex when one participant is HIV+ and the other is not). A group of emerging risk behaviors for HIV infection was characterized. A review of the literature in the MEDLINE, Web of Science and regional SciELO databases was performed. HIV-related search terms such as unprotected sex, barebacking/bareback and bug chasing, were used. Bareback and bug chaser behaviors occur, among other factors, through social homonegativity, ART positive coverage, insufficient prevention campaigns, search for new sensations and attempts to strengthen the relationship with the HIV+ member. Unprotected sex is primarily associated with having HIV/AIDS diagnoses, physical violence due to sexual orientation, viewing homosexual sex sites, and having bought or sold sex. It is necessary to work with individual behaviors that draw individuals close to infection.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Risk-Taking , HIV Infections/epidemiology , Unsafe Sex/statistics & numerical data , Sexual Behavior , HIV Infections/psychology , HIV Infections/transmission , Homosexuality, Male/psychology , Unsafe Sex/psychology , Sexual and Gender Minorities/psychology
7.
Einstein (Säo Paulo) ; 17(2): eAO4527, 2019. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1001903

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: To perform the cross-cultural adaptation of the original North American version of the Attitudes Toward Lesbians and Gay Men Scale (ATLG) for use in Brazil, and to evaluate the psychometric properties of the adapted instrument in a sample of Brazilian heterosexual physicians. Methods: Stages of cross-cultural adaptation were as follows: translation by two independent evaluators, translation synthesis, evaluation by the target population for semantic equivalence, pilot study with 42 physicians, and final instrument preparation involving 224 heterosexual physicians practicing medicine in the Federal District. Invitations containing a link to the study were sent to physicians via e-mail, social media and medical associations. Inclusion criteria were as follows: being a physician authorized to practice medicine in Brazil, practicing medicine in the Brazilian Federal District, and self-declared heterosexual, as stipulated in the original version of the ATLG scale. Exclusion criteria were not disclosed to potential participants to avoid inhibition and unwillingness to participate; respondents meeting exclusion criteria were removed from the sample during data analysis. Results: Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses suggested a one-factor solution to be the most representative of the data, including all 20 items with high reliability (composite reliability coefficients =0.948). Conclusion: The ATLG scale is a suitable instrument to assess physicians' attitudes toward homosexuals, with good validity and reliability evidence based on the sample studied.


RESUMO Objetivo: Realizar a adaptação transcultural da versão original norte-americana do inventário Attitudes Toward Lesbian and Gay Men Scale (ATLG) sobre atitudes diante de lésbicas e homens gays para uso no Brasil, e avaliar as propriedades psicométricas em uma amostra de médicos heterossexuais brasileiros. Métodos: Foram realizadas as seguintes etapas de adaptação transcultural: tradução por dois avaliadores independentes, síntese das traduções, avaliação pela população-alvo para equivalência semântica, estudo piloto com 42 médicos, e processo final de elaboração do instrumento, envolvendo 224 médicos heterossexuais que exerciam medicina no Distrito Federal. Um convite contendo um link para o estudo foi enviado aos médicos por e-mail, por meio de redes sociais e de associações médicas. Os critérios de inclusão foram: ser médico atuante, exercer a atividade no Distrito Federal e se autodeclarar heterossexual (conforme estipulado na ATLG). Para evitar a inibição ou impedir a resposta, os critérios de exclusão não foram divulgados aos potenciais participantes. Questionários que preencheram critérios de exclusão foram removidos da amostra durante a análise de dados. Resultados: Análises fatoriais exploratórias e confirmatórias sugeriram um único fator como sendo o mais representativo para os dados, reunindo os 20 itens com fidedignidade elevada (coeficiente de confiabilidade composta = 0,948). Conclusão: A ATLG é um instrumento adequado para avaliar as atitudes dos médicos em relação aos homossexuais, com evidência de validade e confiabilidade na amostra analisada.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Young Adult , Physicians/psychology , Attitude of Health Personnel , Surveys and Questionnaires/standards , Homosexuality, Male/psychology , Homosexuality, Female/psychology , Psychometrics , Translations , Brazil , Pilot Projects , Cross-Cultural Comparison , Predictive Value of Tests , Heterosexuality/psychology
8.
Rev. bras. enferm ; 71(4): 1949-1955, Jul.-Aug. 2018. graf
Article in English | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-958686

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the knowledge of men, who have sex with men who use geolocation-based dating software, about HIV/AIDS, and the implications of establishing partnerships. Method: Descriptive study with 30 Hornet® users. The statements generated had statistical treatment in the IRaMuTeQ software, analyzed through the Descending Hierarchical Classification. Results: The sexual frequency in the last 30 days was 2.9 partners, of which 2.1 were found by the application, of which 63.3% reported having sex without condoms. There were four classes: Knowledge about HIV/AIDS prevention measures; PrEP/truvada as a measure of HIV/AIDS prevention; Risky behaviors in relation to HIV infection; Establishment of sexual partnerships through applications. Conclusion: Hornet users have insufficient knowledge about HIV prevention measures, especially when discarding the male condom. The relationships established through the application are permeated by high individual vulnerability and behaviors that have potential exposure to the risk of HIV infection.


RESUMEN Objetivo: Evaluar el conocimiento que tienen los hombres que practican sexo con hombres, usuarios de la aplicación de encuentros con base en la geolocalización, sobre el VIH/SIDA y sus implicaciones en el establecimiento de relaciones. Método: Estudio descriptivo, con treinta usuarios del Hornet. Los relatos fueron tratados estadísticamente en software IRAMUTEQ y evaluados con la Clasificación Jerárquica Descendiente. Resultados: La frecuencia sexual en los últimos treinta días fue de 2,9 compañeros, siendo que 2,1 fueron conocidos mediante la aplicación, de los cuales 63,3% practicaron sexo sin condón. Se obtuvieron cuatro categorías: Conocimiento sobre las medidas de prevención del VIH/SIDA; PrEP/Truvada como medida de prevención del VIH/SIDA; Conductas vulnerables a infección por el VIH; Establecimiento de relaciones sexuales mediante las aplicaciones. Conclusión: Los usuarios del Hornet tienen conocimiento insuficiente sobre las medidas de prevención del VIH, especialmente cuando no utilizan condón masculino. Las relaciones establecidas mediante esta aplicación están construidas de alta vulnerabilidad individual y de conductas que exponen riesgos a infección por el VIH.


RESUMO Objetivo: avaliar o conhecimento de homens que fazem sexo com homens usuários de aplicativo de encontro baseado em geolocalização, sobre o HIV/aids e implicações no estabelecimento de parcerias. Método: estudo descritivo, com 30 usuários do Hornet®. Os depoimentos gerados tiveram tratamento estatístico no software IRaMuTeQ, analisados pela Classificação Hierárquica Descendente. Resultados: A frequência sexual nos últimos 30 dias foi de 2,9 parceiros, sendo 2,1 conhecidos pelo aplicativo, dos quais 63,3% relataram sexo sem camisinha. Obtiveram-se quatro classes: Conhecimento sobre medidas de prevenção do HIV/aids; PrEP/truvada como medida de prevenção do HIV/aids; Comportamentos vulneráveis em relação à infecção pelo HIV; Estabelecimento de parcerias sexuais pelos aplicativos. Conclusão: Usuários do Hornet® possuem conhecimento insuficiente sobre medidas de prevenção do HIV, principalmente quando se descarta o preservativo masculino. As relações estabelecidas pelo aplicativo são permeadas por alta vulnerabilidade individual e comportamentos que têm potencial de exposição ao risco de infecção pelo HIV.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adolescent , Adult , Sexual Behavior/psychology , HIV Infections/psychology , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Homosexuality, Male/psychology , Social Media/statistics & numerical data , Risk-Taking , HIV Infections/complications , HIV Infections/therapy , Surveys and Questionnaires , HIV-1/pathogenicity , Internet , Social Media/instrumentation , Social Media/trends
9.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 145(9): 1115-1121, set. 2017. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-902595

ABSTRACT

Background: Most of the information in Chile about health and wellbeing of sexual minorities refers to risk behaviors. Aim: To assess health and wellbeing in a sample of Chilean homosexual men and women. Material and Methods: Spanish versions of the Satisfaction With Life Scale and Outcome Questionnaire-45 (OQ-45) were answered by 191 homosexual women and 256 homosexual men aged 18 to 67 years, from four Chilean cities. Results: Lesbian women have better levels of satisfaction with life and adjustment in personal relationships than homosexual men. Eight percent of respondents had suicidal thoughts in some moment of their life. Conclusions: The information gathered in this work could help in the development of mental health policies for sexual minorities.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Young Adult , Personal Satisfaction , Quality of Life/psychology , Mental Health/statistics & numerical data , Sexual and Gender Minorities/psychology , Chile , Surveys and Questionnaires , Homosexuality, Male/psychology , Homosexuality, Male/statistics & numerical data , Homosexuality, Female/psychology , Homosexuality, Female/statistics & numerical data , Suicidal Ideation , Sexual and Gender Minorities/statistics & numerical data
10.
Ribeirão Preto; s.n; 2017. 70 p. ilus.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-1436846

ABSTRACT

Homens que fazem sexo com homens (HSH) são uma população desproporcionalmente mais afligidos pela infecção do HIV. A alta prevalência da infecção entre essa população, evidencia a necessidade de acompanhar novos comportamentos, no qual se destaca o uso das redes sociais móveis para agilizar o ato sexual ocasional. Assim, nosso estudo teve como objetivo analisar as vulnerabilidades de homens que fazem sexo com homens, usuários de aplicativos geossociais de encontro, à infecção por HIV. Para isso foram realizadas duas etapas sequenciais: 1ª- Revisão integrativa da literatura e 2ª - Estudo descritivo e exploratório. A pesquisa obedeceu as diretrizes éticas sobre pesquisas com seres humanos, reguladas pela resolução 466/12 e aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética e Pesquisa da Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto /USP (1.921.265/2017). A revisão foi guiada pela questão: o uso de aplicativos de geossociais de encontro para encontrar parceiros sexuais aumenta o comportamento de risco para a infecção pelo HIV por HSH? Pesquisamos as bases de dados PubMed, Web of Science, CINAHL e LILACS, considerando estudos primários publicados até dezembro de 2015, sem restrições de tempo. O conhecimento sintetizado guiou a estruturação e interpretação da próxima etapa. O estudo exploratório objetivou avaliar o conhecimento de homens que fazem sexo com homens usuários de aplicativo de encontro baseado em geolocalização, sobre o HIV/aids e implicações no estabelecimento de parcerias. Realizou-se entrevistas com 30 usuários do Hornet® recrutados no aplicativo pela técnica Time-Location Sampling (TLS). Os depoimentos gerados tiveram tratamento estatístico no software IRaMuTeQ, posteriormente analisados pela Classificação Hierárquica Descendente. A coleta de dados foi propiciada pela TLS modificada a realidade virtual. Na coleta de dados utilizouse a técnica Computer-Assisted Interview (CASI). A coleta foi realizada por dois pesquisadores devidamente treinados, que se registraram no aplicativo para ter acesso aos usuários e criaram um perfil público. Foram abordados os primeiros usuários online, que registraram em seu perfil o status sorológico atual para o HIV/aids. Usuários de aplicativos possuem conhecimento insuficiente sobre medidas de prevenção do HIV/aids, principalmente quando se descarta o preservativo masculino. O sexo com os parceiros encontrados por meio de aplicativos foi caracterizado como ocasional, imediato, desprotegido, associado ao uso de drogas e sem informações sobre o status de HIV dos parceiros. As relações estabelecidas pelos aplicativos revelam novos padrões de comportamento e relacionamento, colocando HSH frente a situações com alto risco de infecção pelo HIV e diferentes formas de proteção, que podem ocorrer simultaneamente


Men who have sex with men (MSM) are a population disproportionately more afflicted by HIV infection. The high prevalence of infection among this population evidences the need to follow new behaviors, in which the use of mobile social networks is emphasized to accelerate the occasional sexual act. Thus, our study aimed to analyze the vulnerabilities of men who have sex with men, users of geossocial applications against HIV infection. For this, two sequential steps were performed: 1st - Integrative literature review and 2nd - Descriptive and exploratory study. The research obeyed the ethical guidelines on research with human beings, regulated by resolution 466/12 and approved by the Committee of Ethics and Research of the School of Nursing of Ribeirão Preto/USP (1.921.265/2017). The review was guided by the question: does using geossocial dating applications to find sexual partners increase the risk behavior for HIV infection by MSM? We searched the databases PubMed, Web of Science, CINAHL and LILACS, considering primary studies published until December 2015, without time restrictions. The synthesized knowledge guided the structuring and interpretation of the next step. The exploratory study aimed to evaluate the knowledge of men who have sex with men using geolocation-based dating software, about HIV/aids and implications for establishing partnerships. Interviews were conducted with 30 Hornet® users recruited in the application using the Time-Location Sampling (TLS) technique. The statements generated had statistical treatment in the IRaMuTeQ software, later analyzed by the Descending Hierarchical Classification. The data collection was provided by the modified TLS virtual reality. The Computer-Assisted Interview (CASI) technique was used for data collection. The collection was performed by two properly trained researchers, who registered in the application to have access to the users and created a public profile. The first online users, who recorded the current HIV/aids serological status in their profile, were discussed. Application users have insufficient knowledge about HIV/aids prevention measures, especially when discarding the male condom. Sex with partners found through applications was characterized as casual, immediate, unprotected, associated with drug use, and without information about partners' HIV status. The relationships established by the applications reveal new patterns of behavior and relationships, placing MSM in situations of high risk of HIV infection and different forms of protection, which may occur simultaneously


Subject(s)
Male , HIV Infections/epidemiology , Homosexuality, Male/psychology , Unsafe Sex/psychology
11.
Rev. saúde pública (Online) ; 51: 102, 2017. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-903255

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To estimate self-reported discrimination due to sexual orientation among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Brazil and to analyze associated factors. METHODS A cross-sectional study of 3,859 MSM recruited in 2008-2009 with respondent driven sampling. Data collection conducted in health centers in 10 Brazilian cities. A face-to-face questionnaire was used and rapid HIV and syphilis tests conducted. Aggregated data were weighted and adjusted odds ratio estimated to measure the association between selected factors and self-reported discrimination due to sexual orientation. RESULTS The sample was predominantly young, eight plus years of schooling, pardo (brown), single, low-income, and identified themselves as gay or homosexual. The prevalence of self-reported discrimination due to sexual orientation was 27.7% (95%CI 26.2-29.1). Discrimination was independently associated with: age < 30 years, more years of schooling, community involvement and support, history of sexual and physical violence, suicidal thoughts, and unprotected receptive anal intercourse. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of self-reported discrimination among MSM in Brazil is high. These results challenge the assumptions that MSM-specific prevention and support programs are not required or that health professionals do not need special training to address MSM needs.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adolescent , Adult , Young Adult , HIV Infections/epidemiology , Homosexuality, Male/statistics & numerical data , Discrimination, Psychological , Self Report , Socioeconomic Factors , Brazil/epidemiology , HIV Infections/prevention & control , Prevalence , Interviews as Topic , Surveys and Questionnaires , Risk Factors , Homosexuality, Male/psychology
12.
Psico USF ; 21(1): 125-133, Jan.-Apr. 2016. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-778430

ABSTRACT

O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar a estereotipia de gênero durante os episódios de brincadeiras de faz de conta entre crianças adotadas por casais homossexuais masculinos. A estereotipia de gênero nas brincadeiras infantis vem sendo constatada em diversos contextos, discutindo-se suas determinações biológica, individual e cultural. Este é um estudo observacional do qual participaram 13 crianças entre 3 a 7 anos, em 16 sessões, em uma sala de brinquedos em um Day Care no Canadá. Foram registrados 123 episódios de brincadeiras, sendo estes categorizados pela formação de grupos (número de participantes e gênero); tipo e tema das brincadeiras; e uso de objetos. Foram encontradas diferenças significativas para todos os critérios que caracterizam as brincadeiras como estereotipada para gênero, corroborando achados de estudos entre crianças educadas por casais heterossexuais. Meninos apresentaram episódios em grupos maiores e temas que exigiam mais uso do espaço, enquanto meninas brincaram em grupos menores e com mais uso de brinquedos.


The aim of this study was to investigate gender stereotyping during episodes of spontaneous pretend play among children adopted by gay male couples. Gender stereotyping in children's play has been reported in different contexts, regarding discussions on their biological, cultural and individual determination. This work is a naturalistic observational study that involved 13 children aged 3-7 years during 16 observation sessions in a Day care playroom. A total of 123 episodes were analyzed, which were categorized by group's formation (number of participants and gender); type and theme of the play; and use of objects. Significant differences were found for all criteria that characterize the play as gender-typed. These findings corroborate other studies among children raised by heterosexual couples. Boys had episodes in larger groups and themes that required more use of space, while girls played in smaller groups and used more toys.


El objetivo de este estudio fue investigar el estereotipo de género durante los episodios de juegos (Haz de Cuenta) entre niños adoptados por parejas homosexuales masculinos. El estereotipo de género en los juegos infantiles viene siendo constatado en diversos contextos, discutiéndose sus determinaciones biológica, individual y cultural. Este es un estudio de observación del cual participaron 13 niños, entre 3 a 7 años de edad, en 16 sesiones en una sala de juegos en un Day Care en Canadá. Fueron registrados 123 episodios de juegos, siendo clasificados por; formación de grupos (número de participantes y género); tipo y tema de los juegos; y uso de objetos. Fueron encontradas diferencias significativas para todos los criterios que caracterizan los juegos como estereotipo para género, corroborando resultados de estudios entre niños educados por parejas heterosexuales. Los niños presentaron episodios en grupos mayores y temas que exigían más uso del espacio, mientras que las niñas jugaban en grupos más pequeños y utilizaban más los juguetes.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Child , Adoption , Observational Studies as Topic/psychology , Gender Identity , Homosexuality, Male/psychology , Play and Playthings/psychology
13.
Rev. cuba. med. gen. integr ; 32(1): 0-0, mar. 2016.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-791517

ABSTRACT

Introducción: el sexo transaccional es el acto mediante el cual un individuo accede a satisfacer las demandas sexuales de una persona o grupo de personas a cambio de una remuneración monetaria u otra contraprestación. Objetivo: caracterizar las experiencias que, en la historia de vida de jóvenes homosexuales, han influido en la práctica del sexo transaccional. Métodos: se realizó un estudio descriptivo, de corte transversal, durante los años 2012 y 2013. La muestra la conformaron 25 jóvenes homosexuales pertenecientes al policlínico "Ana Betancourt", a los que se les realizó entrevista abierta y semiestructurada. Resultados: el ámbito familiar constituye, en la totalidad de los entrevistados, un espacio de conflicto y frustración, manifestándose prohibiciones e incomprensiones de los familiares vinculados a la identidad de género y sexo-erótica. Se constató frustración e inestabilidad en el área de pareja; sobrevaloración de la figura materna, vinculada a la necesidad de afecto, y una valoración negativa de la paterna, asociada a la percepción de rechazo por una orientación sexual diferente. La necesidad de afecto era canalizada a través de las relaciones interpersonales y en el marco de la práctica de sexo transaccional. Resultaron motivaciones para esta práctica, poder emigrar a otros lugares donde puedan suplir las carencias detectadas. Conclusiones: las experiencias de vida, vinculadas a la práctica del sexo transaccional, confirman y consolidan las concepciones entorno a la doble moral. Las que más influyen en la práctica de este acto son las vivenciadas en las áreas familiar, de pareja y psicosexual(AU)


Introduction: Transactional sex is the act by which an individual accedes to satisfy the sexual demand from a person or group of persons in exchange for monetary remuneration or compensation. Objective: To characterize the experiences in the life history of homosexual young men that have influenced the practice of transactional sex. Methods: Descriptive, cross-sectional study carried out during the years 2012 and 2013. The sample was made up by 25 homosexual young men from Ana Betancourt Polyclinic, who were conducted on an open and semi-structured interview. Results: The family environment is, in the totality of the interviewees, a space of conflict and frustration, with manifestations of prohibitions and lack of understanding by the relatives associated with gender and sexual-erotic identity. Frustration and instability was perceived in the couple area; over-assessment of the mother's figure, associated to the lack of affection; and a negative evaluation of the father's figure, associated with the perception of despise for a different sexual orientation. The necessity of affection was channeled by interpersonal relationships and by practicing transactional sex. Among the motivations for this proactive were to migrate to places when they can supply the scarcities detected. Conclusions: Life experiences associated with the practice of transactional sex confirm and strengthen the conception regarding double morality. Those influencing this practice the most are the experiences in the family, the couple and psychosexual areas(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Homosexuality, Male/psychology , Sexual Behavior/ethics , Cross-Sectional Studies , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Observational Studies as Topic
14.
Poiésis (En línea) ; 31(Jul.-Dic): 314-326, 2016.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: biblio-1006158

ABSTRACT

La familia, como estructura, ha venido experimentado importantes modificaciones, las cuales alteran considerablemente sus dinámicas relacionales. Dentro de las tipologías familiares existentes, se encuentra la familia homoparental, que ha reclamado incesantemente su lugar dentro de una sociedad aún heterosexista. Sobre éste planteamiento, el artículo pretende establecer una reflexión acerca de cómo los psicólogos se encuentran preparados para asumir el desafío que implica la intervención de éste grupo de familias, resaltando la importancia que tiene su propia subjetividad, y cómo ésta influencia el proceso conversacional terapéutico, cuando subyacen actitudes prejuiciosas frente a la homosexualidad.


The family as a structure has been experimenting huge changes, which significantly disrupt their relational dynamics. Within existing family types, it is the homoparental family, which has consistently claimed its place in a heterosexist society. About that, this article aims to establish a reflection on how psychologists are prepared to take on the challenge of the involvement of this group of families, highlighting the importance of their own subjectivity and how it influence negatively the therapeutic process, when they are underlying skills prejudiced against homosexuality.


Subject(s)
Humans , Parenting , Psychology/ethics , Family/psychology , Homosexuality, Male/psychology , Family Therapy , Sexual and Gender Minorities/psychology
15.
Rev. Kairós ; 19(22,n.esp.): 365-386, 2016.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: biblio-966587

ABSTRACT

O acompanhamento dos encontros de um grupo de homens gays mais velhos e as inserções pontuais em uma sauna/videolocadora, que promove a aproximação entre homens gays mais velhos e uma diversidade de parceiros na cidade de Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil, entre 2009 e 2012, fornecem elementos para discutir questões na conexão envelhecimento e erotismo. Por erótica do envelhecimento, entendemos um conjunto de estratégias de que lançam mão os homens gays mais velhos, no sentido de manter em aberto possibilidades de vida amorosa e sexual.


This paper presents two data sources: the systematic monitoring by the researchers of the meetings of a group of older gay men in the city of Porto Alegre and the occasional insertions in a sauna / video store that promotes the approach among older gay men and other partners over the years 2009 to 2012. With this data, we discuss some issues in connection aging and eroticism. For aging erotica, we understand a set of strategies adopted by older gay men in order to keep open possibilities for love and sex life.


El seguimiento de los encuentros de un grupo de hombres gays más viejos y las inserciones puntuales en una sauna / videolocadora, que promueve el acercamiento entre hombres gays más viejos y una diversidad de socios en la ciudad de Porto Alegre entre 2009 y 2012, elementos para discutir cuestiones en la conexión envejecimiento y erotismo. Por erótica del envejecimiento, entendemos un conjunto de estrategias que arrojan a los hombres gays más viejos en el sentido de mantener en abierto posibilidades de vida amorosa y sexual.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Aging , Homosexuality, Male/psychology , Interpersonal Relations , Qualitative Research , Emotions , Sexual and Gender Minorities , Minority Groups
16.
Rev. chil. ter. ocup ; 15(2): 25-30, dic.2015.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-790585

ABSTRACT

El siguiente artículo, enmarcado dentro de la Ciencia de la Ocupación, busca analizar cómo los adolescentes chilenos, que se identifican como homosexuales, experimentan la influencia del contexto sobre sus elecciones ocupacionales. La información fue recopilada a través de entrevistas individuales y por medio de un grupo de discusión desde cuatro adolescentes chilenos. Se realizó un análisis interpretativo de los resultados, donde en primera instancia los participantes no identificaron la influencia que existe desde el contexto sobre las elecciones ocupacionales por el hecho de identificarse como personas homosexuales. Sin embargo, en el análisis de su discurso y producto de una influencia heteronormada que predomina en la sociedad chilena, se señalan aspectos que indican cómo el contexto influye sobre las elecciones ocupacionales de estos jóvenes. Finalmente, destacan que esta influencia de la heteronorma no es exclusiva a las personas debido a su orientación sexual, sino que repercute en todos los aspectos de la vida de los sujetos, en consecuencia, es parte de la cultura predominante...


The following article, framed within Occupational Science, aims to investigate and analyze how Chilean adolescents, who identify as homosexuals, experience the influence of context on their occupational choices. Information was collected through individual interviews and a discussion group of four teenagers who met the research criteria. An interpretative analysis was then realized, where at first, participants did not identify influences from the context on their occupational choices, because of identifying themselves as homosexuals. Nevertheless, in the analysis of their speech, aspects are mentioned that indicate that the context influences the occupational selections of these young people, because of the heteronormativity that predominates in the Chilean society. Finally, they emphasize that this influence of heteronormativity is not exclusive to people because of their sexual orientation, but impacts people in all of their life’s aspects, because of the prevailing culture...


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adolescent , Young Adult , Adolescent Behavior , Choice Behavior , Homosexuality, Male/psychology , Occupations , Activities of Daily Living , Chile , Interpersonal Relations , Qualitative Research , Sexual Behavior , Surveys and Questionnaires
18.
Ciênc. Saúde Colet. (Impr.) ; 20(1): 95-104, jan. 2015. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-733135

ABSTRACT

Objetivou-se investigar a prevalência de relação sexual em adolescentes de um município brasileiro e sua associação com fatores sociodemográficos, comportamentos de risco à saúde e percepção da imagem corporal. Estudo transversal utilizando dados da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde do Escolar - PeNSE realizada em 2009. A amostra foi composta por escolares do 9° ano de Goiânia, Goiás (n = 3.099), com predomínio das idades de 13 a 15 anos. A variável dependente foi o relato de relação sexual alguma vez. Para identificação das variáveis associadas foi realizada análise de regressão de Poisson. A prevalência de relação sexual alguma vez foi de 26,5% (IC95% = 23,8-29,4). Este comportamento foi mais prevalente em adolescentes do sexo masculino, com idade de 14 anos ou mais, que não moravam com a mãe ou com o pai, estudavam em escolas públicas, relataram ter experimentado álcool, tabaco e outras drogas, e envolvimento em brigas e agressão familiar. Conclui-se que a prevalência de relação sexual alguma vez foi elevada e associada a condições sociodemográficas mais precárias, comportamentos de risco à saúde e violência. Estes fatores devem ser considerados nas estratégias de promoção de saúde, visando comportamentos sexuais seguros e saudáveis na adolescência.


This study sought to investigate the prevalence of sexual intercourse among adolescents in a Brazilian city and its association with sociodemographic factors, health-risk behaviors, and body image perception. A cross-sectional study was conducted using data from the National Adolescent School-based Health Survey (PeNSE), carried out in 2009. The sample comprised schoolchildren enrolled in the 9th year in the city of Goiânia, Goiás (n= 3,099), mostly aged between 13 and 15. The dependent variable was the reporting of sexual intercourse at least once. To identify variables associated with sexual activity, Poisson regression analysis was used. The prevalence of sexual intercourse at least once in the adolescents' lifetime was 26.5% (95% CI= 23.8-29.4). Prevalence was higher among males, those aged 14 years or older, who reported not living with their mother or with their father, who attended public schools, reported alcohol, tobacco or other drug use, and were involved in fights and family violence. The conclusion reached was that the prevalence of sexual intercourse was high and associated with poor sociodemographic conditions, health-risk behaviors and violence. These factors should be considered in the health promotion strategies seeking more safe and healthy sexual behavior during adolescence.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Middle Aged , Bisexuality/psychology , HIV Seropositivity/psychology , Homosexuality, Male/psychology , Bisexuality/ethnology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Homosexuality, Male/ethnology , Identification, Psychological , New York City , San Francisco , Sexual Partners , Urban Health
19.
Salud pública Méx ; 57(supl.2): s113-s118, 2015.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-762074

ABSTRACT

Objetivo. Analizar los significados que, sobre el sexo bareback, tienen hombres gay en la ciudad de México. Material y métodos. Investigación cualitativa basada en la teoría fundamentada que utilizó entrevistas semiestructuradas a barebackeros reclutados a través de páginas web. También se realizó un análisis documental sobre el tema. Resultados. Los entrevistados reportaron tener sexo desprotegido. La argumentación al respecto indicó que el acceso al tratamiento antirretroviral modifica la percepción del riesgo de infección. La confianza en torno a los beneficios de este tratamiento y la disminución de las campañas de prevención se identificaron como nociones que guían esta práctica. Conclusiones. Los hombres gay de la ciudad de México con ingresos económicos medios y altos y acceso a antirretrovirales han variado su percepción respecto al VIH. Esto hace necesaria una revisión de los programas de prevención, reducción de riesgos, diagnósticos tempranos y un análisis de nuevas formas de estigmatización y discriminación que podrían causar las campañas que desconozcan estos nuevos significados.


Objective. To analyze and understand the meanings that gay men in Mexico City associate to unprotected sex such as bareback practices. Materials and methods. Exploratory qualitative study that uses grounded theory analysis of semistructured interviews with gay men that practice bareback sex recruited through the internet. Also a documentary analysis was performed. Results. Gay men engage in bareback sexual practices because they have access to antiretroviral therapy. Access to treatment changes the meanings around AIDS and the perceived risk of infection. The confidence on treatment and the dropback of the Mexican government on preventive strategies explain these perceptions. Conclusions. Urban and middle class gay men in Mexico City have changed their perception with respect to HIV infection. It is necessary to understand the meanings related to bareback sexual practices and the use of condoms as a preventive strategy. We have to retake the discussion on preventive strategies, damage mitigation, stigma, discrimination, early diagnosis and the impact of antiretroviral therapy.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Young Adult , HIV Infections/prevention & control , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/psychology , Homosexuality, Male/psychology , Anti-HIV Agents/therapeutic use , Unsafe Sex/psychology , Social Class , Urban Population , Attitude to Death , Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/drug therapy , Condoms/statistics & numerical data , Decision Making , Social Media , Health Promotion , Health Services Accessibility
20.
São Paulo; s.n; 2015. 201 p.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-915930

ABSTRACT

Introdução - A população de jovens gays apresenta particular vulnerabilidade à infecção pelo HIV/aids. Segundo tendência observada em pesquisas, nos últimos dez anos observouse aumento estatisticamente significativo da taxa de detecção do vírus em homens gays com idades entre 18 e 29 anos. Para aqueles que recebem o diagnóstico de HIV/aids, a nova realidade se encontra envolvida por fatores como a auto aceitação da orientação sexual, estigmas anteriores ao diagnóstico, suporte familiar e social, crenças sobre o vírus e restabelecimento de vínculos e comportamentos. Contudo, são escassos estudos que foquem nas vivências das relações afetivas e sexuais de jovens gays após o diagnóstico. Objetivo - Estabeleceu-se como objetivo geral desta pesquisa compreender as implicações e significados do diagnóstico do HIV nas relações afetivo sexuais de jovens gays. Método - O estudo proposto baseia-se na pesquisa qualitativa, como forma de privilegiar os discursos dos sujeitos como fonte de informação. Foram realizadas entrevistas semi dirigidas com 10 jovens, com idades entre 18 e 24 anos, portadores do HIV e infectados por via sexual, acompanhados no ambulatório do Instituto de Infectologia Emílio Ribas. Os dados foram transcritos, organizados e analisados por meio da análise de conteúdo. Resultados Para muitos jovens, no período anterior ao diagnóstico, o HIV não se mostrava como uma fonte de preocupação, devido à possibilidade de tratamento e diminuição das mortes. O uso de antirretrovirais é influenciado pelo receio de alterações corporais, sendo que a possibilidade da lipodistrofia se mostra como uma causa para o abandono do tratamento. Grupos e redes sociais online são fundamentais na busca de informações sobre o HIV e de pares na mesma situação. O conhecimento da sorologia não motiva o uso de preservativo, principalmente com parceiros sexuais esporádicos. De forma análoga, com estes parceiros, os participantes relatam não se sentirem responsabilizados por eventuais transmissões secundárias do vírus, avaliando como responsabilidade do outro o uso de preservativo. As relações afetivas são marcadas pelo receio da transmissão do vírus e da revelação diagnóstica aos parceiros, de forma que muitos preferem se relacionar com outros jovens vivendo com HIV/aids. Considerações finais - A partir dos resultados foi possível apreender que a vivência das relações afetivas e sexuais desses jovens é atravessada por questões ligadas ao preconceito e à insegurança frente à doença. No âmbito comportamental, nota-se que o conhecimento sobre as formas de prevenção não é eficaz para a mudança de atitudes e práticas sexuais, o que pode ser relacionado ao aumento de novos casos da infecção entre jovens gays nos últimos anos. É possível apontar que as campanhas preventivas pouco dialogam com as realidades dos jovens trazendo à tona a necessidade de repensar o cuidado e as políticas disponíveis para esta população.


Introduction - The population of young gay men is in particular vulnerability to HIV/AIDS infection. According to researches over the last decade, there was a statistically significant increase in HIV infection rates in gay men aged between 18 and 29 years. For those who are diagnosed with HIV/AIDS, the new reality is surrounded by factors such as self acceptance of sexual orientation, stigmas before the diagnosis, family and social support, beliefs about the virus and the need of re-establish relationships and behaviors. However, there are few studies that focus on the experiences of emotional and sexual experiences of young gay men after diagnosis. Objectives - It was determined as a general objective of this research to understand the implications and meanings of HIV diagnosis in sexual and affective relationships of gay youth. Method - The proposed study is based on the assumptions of qualitative research which means that the subjects discourse was the source of information. 10 young people living with HIV, aged 18 to 24, and in treatment at the Instituto de Infectologia Emílio Ribas were interviewed. Data were transcribed, organized and analyzed using content analysis. Results - For many young people, in the period before diagnosis, HIV wasn´t a source of concern because of the possibility of treatment and decreased of deaths. The use of antiretroviral drugs is influenced by fear of body changes, and the possibility of lipodystrophy is shown as a cause for non-adherence to highly active antiretroviral therapy. Groups and online social networks are essential to find information about HIV and peer in the same situation. Knowledge of serology does not motivate the use of condoms, especially with casual sexual partners. Similarly, with these partners, participants reported not feeling responsible for any secondary transmissions of the virus, evaluating as the partner responsibility to condom use. Affective relationships are marked by the fear of virus transmission and diagnostic disclosure, making that many prefer to relate to other young people living with HIV / AIDS. Final Considerations - From the results it was possible to comprehend that the experience of emotional and sexual experiences of these young people is crossed by issues of prejudice and insecurity about the disease. In the behavioral level, we note that the knowledge of how to prevent it is not effective in changing attitudes and sexual practices, which may be related to the increase of new cases of infection among young gay men in recent years. It is possible to point out that the preventive campaigns do not dialogue with the realities of young people bringing up the need to rethink the care and policies available for this population.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adolescent , Adult , HIV Seropositivity/psychology , Homosexuality, Male/psychology , Sexual Behavior/psychology , Affect , Disease Transmission, Infectious , Qualitative Research , Sexuality/psychology
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